Attachment, Personality, and Emotion Lab
R. Chris Fraley | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Fraley Lab

» Members

R. Chris Fraley

Claudia Chloe Brumbaugh

Michael J. Marks

Caroline M. Tancredy

Amanda Vicary


» Join us

Undergraduate Psych 290 application


» Online Documents

An Overview of Adult Attachment Theory and Research (Fraley)

Self-report Measures of Adult Attachment (Shaver & Fraley)

Experiences in Close Relationships Revised (ECR-R) (Fraley)


» Other Attachment Labs

UC Davis Adult Attachment Web Site

Richard Atkin's Attachment Web Site

Everett Waters' Attachment Web Site

UMASS Attachment Web Site

Kim Bartholomew's Attachment Web Site

Glenn Roisman (across the hall from us!)

» Welcome

Psychologists have long noted the similarities between infant-parent and adult romantic relationships. For example, in both kinds of relationship, people (a) feel safe and secure when the other person is present; (b) turn to the other person during times of sickness, distress, or fear; (c) use the other person as a "secure base" from which to explore the world; and (d) speak to one another in a unique language, often called "motheresse."

According to adult attachment theory, these two kinds of relationships function in similar ways because they are both shaped by what John Bowlby (1969) called the "attachment system"--a motivational system designed to keep young, vulnerable infants in close proximity to potential caregivers.

The objective of our research is to explore the role of the attachment system in adult romantic relationships. Specifically, our research has addressed some of the following questions:
  • How does the attachment system manifest itself in adult romantic relationships?
  • Do securely attached children grow up to be securely attached in their romantic relationships? If so, what processes enable them to transfer a secure pattern of relating from one context to another. If not, what processes lead to change in attachment?
  • What causes some people to be secure in their close relationships? What leads others to feel insecure? How can we assess individual differences in "attachment style?"
  • What is the effect of losing a loved one on the way the attachment system functions? What are the psychological consequences for different ways of regulating the kind of emotions that are experienced when one is faced with the loss of a loved one?
  • Why does the attachment system--a motivational system that evolved in the ecology of infancy--play a role in romantic relationships? How did it evolve? What functions does it serve?
Our lab is devoted to answering these kinds of questions. We draw upon a wide range of research methodologies (e.g., naturalistic observation, longitudinal methods, social-cognitive tasks, psychophysiological recordings, phylogenetic analyses) to study adult attachment processes, emotions, close relationships, and personality.



» Lab News

June 12, 2004
Long time, no update! Here is some of the recent lab news:

  • Claudia presented some phylogenetic research on attachment at the 2005 meeting of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society in Austin, TX. She also presented some research at the 2005 MPA meeting.
  • Mike presented his research on the sexual double standard at the 2005 MPA meeting.
  • Mandy presented some of her first-year research during the SPO brown bag.
  • Mary Campa, a graduate student who works with Cindy Hazan at Cornell University, will be visiting our lab in July 2005 to work with us.
  • Chris presented a workshop at APS on using the Internet to conduct psychological research.

Here are some publication updates:
  • Brumbaugh, C. C., & Fraley, R. C. (2005). Transference and attachment: How do attachment patterns get carried forward from one relationship to the next? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. Accepted pending revisions.
  • Fraley, R. C., Brumbaugh, C. C., & Marks, M. J. (in press). The evolution and function of adult attachment: A comparative and phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
  • Tancredy, C. M., & Fraley, R. C. (in press). The nature of adult twin relationships: An attachment-theoretical perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
  • Brumbaugh, C. C., & Fraley, R. C. (in press). The evolution of attachment in romantic relationships. In M. Mikulincer & G. S. Goodman (Eds.), The dynamics of romantic love: Attachment, caregiving, and sex. NY: Guilford Press.
  • Hankin, B. L., Fraley, R. C., & Abela, J. R. Z. (2005). Daily depression and cognitions about stress: Evidence for a trait-like depressogenic cognitive style and the prediction of depressive symptoms in a prospective daily diary study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 673-685.
  • Marks, M. J., & Fraley, R. C. (2005). The sexual double standard: Fact or fiction? Sex Roles, 52, 175-186.
  • Hankin, B. L., Fraley, R. C., Lahey, B. B., & Waldman, I. D. (2005). Is depression best viewed as a continuum or discrete category? A taxometric analysis of childhood and adolescent depression in a population-based sample. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 96-110.

Oct 4, 2004
Our former colleague at UIC, Ben Hankin, and Chris got a paper on the trait-like nature of cognitions about stress accepted for publication in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology!

Hankin, B. L., Fraley, R. C., & Abela, J. R. Z. (in press). Daily depression and cognitions about stress: Evidence for a trait-like depressogenic cognitive style and the prediction of depressive symptoms trajectories in a prospective daily diary study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

Sept 25, 2004
Our lab gets its NSF study on stability and change in attachment patterns off the ground! In this research we will be following people in dating/marital relationships multiple times over the course of the year in order to study the patterns of stability and change that exist in adult attachment. We're also hoping to learn more about the factors that might lead to change in attachment patterns, as well as the ways in which attachment patterns shape the relationship itself. To learn more about the theoretical ideas guiding this research, see Fraley (2002) and Fraley and Brumbaugh (2004).



Sept 15, 2004
Michael and Chris got a paper on the sexual double standard accepted for publication in the journal Sex Roles!

Marks, M. J., & Fraley, R. C. (in press). The sexual double standard: Fact or fiction? Sex Roles.

July 25 - 31, 2004
The lab relocates from UIC's Department of Psychology to UIUC's Department of Psychology.

July 15, 2004
The new volume on adult attachment, edited by Steve Rholes and Jeff Simpson, has been published. Chris and Claudia have a chapter in the book on stability and change in attachment. In this chapter we explore the extent to which attachment patterns developed in early childhood might influence adult romantic attachment patterns. To tackle this issue, we rely upon meta-analytic techniques as a way of aggregating data from a variety of longitudinal studies. We also use computational modeling techniques to explore the implications of various developmental models for the patterns of continuity that should exist over time.

view book at amazon

July 1, 2004
Fraley and Bonanno's research on attachment and loss appears in the latest issue of the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.